Commentaries:
Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown
the four winds--answering to the "four beasts"; their several conflicts in the four quarters or directions of the world.
strove--burst forth (from the abyss) [MAURER].
sea--The world powers rise out of the agitations of the political sea (Jeremiah 46:7-8; Luke 21:25; compare Revelation 13:1; Revelation 17:15; Revelation 21:1); the kingdom of God and the Son of man from the clouds of heaven (Daniel 7:13; compare John 8:23). TREGELLES takes "the great sea" to mean, as always elsewhere in Scripture (Joshua 1:4; Joshua 9:1), the Mediterranean, the center territorially of the four kingdoms of the vision, which all border on it and have Jerusalem subject to them. Babylon did not border on the Mediterranean, nor rule Jerusalem, till Nebuchadnezzar's time, when both things took place simultaneously. Persia encircled more of this sea, namely, from the Hellespont to Cyrene. Greece did not become a monarchy before Alexander's time, but then, succeeding to Persia, it became mistress of Jerusalem. It surrounded still more of the Mediterranean, adding the coasts of Greece to the part held by Persia. Rome, under Augustus, realized three things at once--it became a monarchy; it became mistress of the last of the four parts of Alexander's empire (symbolized by the four heads of the third beast), and of Jerusalem; it surrounded all the Mediterranean.
Other commentary entries containing this verse:
Daniel 2:22
Daniel 7:7
Daniel 7:13
Revelation 13:1
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