Commentaries:
Robertson's Word Pictures (NT)
In the last days (en taiv esxataiv hmeraiv). Joel does not have precisely these words, but he defines "those days" as being "the day of the Lord" (cf. Isaiah 2:2; Micah 4:1).
I will pour forth (ekxew). Future active indicative of ekxew. This future like edomai and piomai is without tense sign, probably like the present in the futuristic sense (Robertson, Grammar, p. 354). Westcott and Hort put a different accent on the future, but the old Greek had no accent. The old Greek had ekxeusw. This verb means to pour out.
Of my Spirit (apo tou pneumatov). This use of apo (of) is either because of the variety in the manifestations of the Spirit (1Co. 12) or because the Spirit in his entirety remains with God (Holtzmann, Wendt). But the Hebrew has it: "I will pour out my Spirit" without the partitive idea in the LXX.
And your daughters (kai ai qugaterev umwn). Anna is called a prophetess in Luke 2:36 and the daughters of Philip prophesy (Acts 21:9) and verse Acts 2:18 (handmaidens). See also 1 Corinthians 11:5 (profhtousa).
Visions (oraseiv). Late word for the more common orama, both from oraw, to see. In Revelation 4:3 it means appearance, but in Revelation 9:17 as here an ecstatic revelation or vision.
Dream dreams (enupnioiv enupniasqhsontai). Shall dream with (instrumental case) dreams. First future passive of enupniazw from enupniov (en and upnov, in sleep), a common late word. Only here in the N.T. (this from Joel as all these verses Acts 2:17-21 are) and Judges 1:8.
Yea and (kai ge). Intensive particle ge added to kai (and), an emphatic addition (=Hebrew vegam).
Servants (doulouv),
handmaidens (doulav). Slaves, actual slaves of men. The humblest classes will receive the Spirit of God (cf. 1 Corinthians 1:26-31). But the word "prophesy" here is not in the LXX (or the Hebrew).
Other commentary entries containing this verse:
Mark 13:24
Acts 2:16
Acts 2:17
Acts 2:33
Acts 2:39
Acts 10:45
Acts 21:9
1 Corinthians 12:10
Ephesians 4:8
1 Peter 1:5
Jude 1:8
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