Commentaries:
Robertson's Word Pictures (NT)
What then? (ti oun). Since God did not push Israel away (verse Romans 11:1), what is true?
The election (h eklogh). Abstract for concrete (the elect).
Obtained (epetuxen). Second aorist active indicative of epitugxanw, old verb, to hit upon, only here in Paul. See Romans 9:30-33 for the failure of the Jews.
Were hardened (epwrwqhsan). First aorist passive indicative of pwrow, late verb, to cover with thick skin (pwrov). See on 2 Corinthians 3:14; Mark 3:5.
Other commentary entries containing this verse:
Romans 11:25
Philippians 4:17
1 Thessalonians 1:4
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