Commentaries:
Robertson's Word Pictures (NT)
First fruit (aparxh). See on 1 Corinthians 15:20, 1 Corinthians 15:23. The metaphor is from Numbers 15:19 f. The LXX has aparxhn furamatov, first of the dough as a heave offering.
The lump (to furama). From which the first fruit came. See on Romans 9:21. Apparently the patriarchs are the first fruit.
The root (h riza). Perhaps Abraham singly here. The metaphor is changed, but the idea is the same. Israel is looked on as a tree. But one must recall and keep in mind the double sense of Israel in Romans 9:6 f. (the natural and the spiritual).
Other commentary entries containing this verse:
Romans 11:28
Romans 11:28
2 Thessalonians 2:13
1 Timothy 6:10
Revelation 14:4
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