Commentaries:
Robertson's Word Pictures (NT)
He that said (o eipwn)
--said also (eipen kai). The unity of the law lies in the Lawgiver who spoke both prohibitions (mh and the aorist active subjunctive in each one, moixeushs, foneushv). The order here is that of B in Exo. 20 (Luke 18:20; Romans 13:9), but not in Matthew 5:21, Matthew 5:27 (with ou and future indicative).
Now if thou dost not commit adultery, but killest (ei de ou moixeueis, foneueiv de). Condition of first class with ou (not mh) because of the contrast with de, whereas ei mh would mean "unless," a different idea. So ou in James 1:23.
A transgressor of the law (parabathv nomou) as in verse James 2:9. Murder springs out of anger (Matthew 5:21-26). People free from fleshly sins have often "made their condemnation of fleshly sins an excuse for indulgence towards spiritual sins" (Hort).
Other commentary entries containing this verse:
Romans 13:9
James 5:6
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