Commentaries:
Robertson's Word Pictures (NT)
By (ek). "As a result of." Some MSS. omit "of the wine" (tou oinou). Cf. Revelation 14:10; Revelation 16:10.
Have fallen (peptwkan). Perfect active third personal of piptw for usual peptwkasi. Some MSS. read pepwkan (have drunk), from pinw like the metaphor in Revelation 14:8, Revelation 14:10; Revelation 16:19; Revelation 17:2. See Revelation 17:2 for the same charge about the kings of the earth.
The merchants of the earth (oi emporoi thv ghv). Old word for one on a journey for trade (from en, porov), like drummers, in N.T. only Matthew 13:45; Revelation 18:3, Revelation 18:11, Revelation 18:15, Revelation 18:23. Like emporion (John 2:16) and emporeuomai (James 4:13).
Waxed rich (eplouthsan). First ingressive aorist active indicative of ploutew, to be rich (cf. Revelation 3:17). Here alone in the N.T. do we catch a glimpse of the vast traffic between east and west that made Rome rich.
Of her wantonness (tou strhnouv authv). Late word for arrogance, luxury, here alone in N.T. See strhniaw in verses Revelation 18:7, Revelation 18:9, to live wantonly.
Other commentary entries containing this verse:
Revelation 17:2
Revelation 18:3
Revelation 18:6
Revelation 18:7
Revelation 18:9
Revelation 18:11
Revelation 18:15
Revelation 19:2
Revelation 19:3
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