Commentaries:
Robertson's Word Pictures (NT)
Had (exwn). Masculine present active participle of exw instead of exon (neuter like to teixov), and the participle occurs independently as if a principal verb (eixen) as often in this book.
Twelve foundations (qemeliouv dwdeka). Foundation stones, old adjective (from qema, from tiqhmi), here as in 1 Corinthians 3:11 ff.; 2 Timothy 2:19, with liqouv (stones understood), though often neuter substantive to qemelion (Luke 6:48 f.; Acts 16:26). See Isaiah 28:16; Hebrews 11:10. Twelve because of the twelve apostles as foundation stones (Ephesians 2:20).
On them (ep autwn). On the twelve foundation stones.
Names of the twelve apostles of the Lamb (onomata twn dwdeka apostolwn tou arniou). Jesus had spoken of twelve thrones for the apostles (Matthew 19:28); names of all twelve are here written, not just that of Peter, as some would argue from Matthew 16:18. As a matter of fact, Christ is the corner stone or akrogwniaion (1 Peter 2:6; 1 Corinthians 3:10; Ephesians 2:20), though rejected by the Sanhedrin (Matthew 21:42 ff.). One may wonder if the name of Judas is on that stone or that of Matthias.
Other commentary entries containing this verse:
Mark 3:14
Revelation 10:2
Revelation 12:1
Revelation 14:19
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